Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.
Types of carbon steel and their properties
Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel . Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:
| Carbon content (wt.%) | Microstructure | Properties | Examples |
|
| Low-carbon steel | < 0.25 | Ferrite, pearlite | Low hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldability | AISI 304, ASTM A815, AISI 316L |
| Medium-carbon steel | 0.25 – 0.60 | Martensite | Low hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughness | AISI 409, ASTM A29, SCM435 |
| High-carbon steel | 0.60 – 1.25 | Pearlite | High hardness, strength, low ductility | AISI 440C, EN 10088-3 |
Carbon Steel Description
Grade:
1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D, Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D, Q690E
2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q
3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 80
4)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHE
PRODUCT DETAILS
| 1008
Cold Rolled Steel Coil |
| 1008
cold rolled steel coil contains about 1.2% manganese and
0.4% silicon. There are also nickel, aluminium, chromium, copper and molybdenum present in
small quantities in the carbon steels. AISI 1008 carbon steel coil has
excellent weldability, which includes projection, butt, spot and fusion, and
brazeability. 1008
cold rolled steel coil is mainly used in
automobile, printed metal pail, building, building materials, and bicycle,
etc. Besides, it
is the best material to manufacture organic coated strip. |
| Product
Parameters |
|
| Product
Name | 1008 Cold
Rolled Steel Coil |
| Production
Process | Hot Rolling,
Cold Rolling |
| Material
Standards | AISI, ASTM,
ASME, DIN, BS, EN, ISO, JIS, GOST, SAE, etc. |
| Width | 100mm-3000mm |
| Length | 1m-12m, or
Customized Size |
| Thickness | 0.1mm-400mm |
| Delivery
Conditions | Rolling,
Annealing, Quenching, Tempered or Standard |
| Surface
Process | Ordinary, Wire
Drawing, Laminated Film |
| Chemical
Composition |
|
| Element | Content (%) |
| Iron, Fe | 99.31-99.7 % |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.30-0.50
% |
| Carbon, C | 0.10% |
| Sulfur, S | 0.05% |
| Phosphorous, P | 0.04% |
| Mechanical
Properties |
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Tensile
strength | 340 MPa | 49300 psi |
| Yield strength (depending on temper) | 285
MPa | 41300
psi |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210
Gpa | 27557-30458
ksi |
| Bulk modulus (typical for steel) | 200
GPa | 29000
ksi |
| Shear modulus (typical for steel) | 80.0
GPa | 11600
ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 20% | 20% |
| Reduction of area | 45% | 45% |
| Hardness, Brinell | 95 | 95 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 113 | 113 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) | 55 | 55 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 98 | 98 |
| Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel as 100 machinability) | 55 | 55 |
| The
machinability of group I bar, rod, and wire products can be improved by cold
drawing) |
| Scope of
Application |
| AISI
1008 carbon steel is primarily used in extruded, cold headed, cold upset, and
cold pressed parts and forms. |