Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.
Types of carbon steel and their properties
Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel . Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:
| Carbon content (wt.%) | Microstructure | Properties | Examples |
|
| Low-carbon steel | < 0.25 | Ferrite, pearlite | Low hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldability | AISI 304, ASTM A815, AISI 316L |
| Medium-carbon steel | 0.25 – 0.60 | Martensite | Low hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughness | AISI 409, ASTM A29, SCM435 |
| High-carbon steel | 0.60 – 1.25 | Pearlite | High hardness, strength, low ductility | AISI 440C, EN 10088-3 |
Carbon Steel Description
Grade:
1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D, Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D, Q690E
2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q
3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 80
4)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHE
PRODUCT DETAILS
| A333
Seamless & Welded Steel Pipe Description |
| The
main components of A333 seamless steel pipe include iron, carbon, chromium,
nickel, manganese and other elements. Chromium has excellent corrosion resistance, while the addition
of nickel further enhances the corrosion resistance and toughness of the
material. A333
seamless steel pipe has high strength and hardness, as well as good
plasticity and toughness. These excellent mechanical properties make A333
seamless steel pipe an ideal choice in many high-strength,
high-corrosion-resistant application scenarios. A333 seamless steel pipe is
commonly used to transport oil and natural gas with high temperature and high
pressure owing to the excellent sealing and corrosion resistance. |
| Product Parameters |
| Product Name | A333 Seamless & Welded Steel Pipe |
| Standard | EN/DIN/JIS/ASTM/BS/ASME/AISI etc. |
| Outer Diameter | Seamless: 1/4"-36" | Welding: 21.3mm-3620mm |
| Round Tube: 1/2"-10" | Square
Tube/Rectangular Tube: 15x15mm-400x600mm |
| Wall
Thickness | Seamless: 1.25mm-50mm | Welding: 1.65mm-65mm |
| Length | 3-12 meters, Support customization |
| Surface Process | Bright, Polished, Black |
| Other
Services | Machining(cnc), Centerless Grinding(cg), Heat
Treatment, Annealing, Pickling, Polishing, Rolling, Forging, Cutting,
Bending, Small Machining, etc. |
| Chemical Composition |
| A333 | Grade1 | Grade3 | Grade4 | Grade6 | Grade7 | Grade8 | Grade9 | Grade10 | Grade11 |
| C | 0.3 | 0.19 | 0.12 | 0.3 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Mn | 0.40-1.06 | 0.31-0.64 | 0.50-1.05 | 0.29-1.06 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.40-1.06 | 1.15-1.50 | 0.6 |
| P | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.035 | 0.025 |
| S | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.025 |
| Si | - | 0.18-0.37 | 0.08-0.37 | 0.10 min | 0.13-0.32 | 0.13-0.32 | - | 0.10-0.35 | 0.35 |
| Ni | - | 3.18-3.82 | 0.47-0.98 | 0.4 | 2.03-2.57 | 8.40-9.60 | 1.60-2.24 | 0.25 | 35.0-37.0 |
| Cr | - | - | 0.44-1.01 | 0.3 | - | - | - | 0.15 | 0.5 |
| Cu | - | - | 0.40-0.75 | 0.4 | - | - | 0.75-1.25 | 0.15 | - |
| Al | - | - | 0.04-0.30 | - | - | - | - | 0.06 | - |
| Mechanical Properties |
| A333 | Tensile Strength min. | Yield Strength min. | Elongation % min. |
| Grade | psi | MPa | psi | MPa | Vertical | Transverse |
| Grade1 | 55 000 | 380 | 30 000 | 205 | 35 | 25 |
| Grade3 | 65 000 | 450 | 35 000 | 240 | 30 | 20 |
| Grade4 | 60 000 | 415 | 35 000 | 240 | 30 | 16.5 |
| Grade6 | 60 000 | 415 | 35 000 | 240 | 30 | 16.5 |
| Grade7 | 65 000 | 450 | 35 000 | 240 | 30 | 22 |
| Grade8 | 100 000 | 690 | 75 000 | 515 | 22 | - |
| Grade9 | 63 000 | 435 | 46 000 | 315 | 28 | - |
| Grade10 | 80 000 | 550 | 65 000 | 450 | 22 | - |
| Grade11 | 65 000 | 450 | 35 000 | 240 | 18 | - |
| Scope of
Application |
| Seamless
and welded steel pipes for low temperature service and other applications
with the required notch toughness. |